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What is the size of footing for a 3 story building?

  This is a general question and the answer is subject to many factors as such. The answer is tentatively 2.0 metres x 2.0 metres isolated footing. The foremost criterion is the Safe Bearing Capacity(SBC) of soil(bearing stratum). Secondly the Final reaction coming to the column. That depends on factors like type of construction like walls, type of occupancy for live loads, dead load intensity and most important the span of beams(spacing of columns). Assuming a load of 300KN/floor and SBC of 250KN/SqM , 2 metrex 2 metre footing is satisfactory. Generally 1.5m x1.5 m to 2.0mx2.0m is applicable. area of footing = Load on footing/Safe Bearing Capacity of soil. it gives the area. You can choose the geometry according to you. It's based on some failure criterion. Most important of them are: Shear failure- one way & punching failure Flexure failure Bearing failure Failure due to excessive bond stress.
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Why is a building called a building when it is already built?

  The foundations of the building transfer the weight of the building to the ground. While 'foundation' is a general word, normally, every building has a number of individual foundations, commonly called footings. Usually each column of the building will have its own footing. Since the weight of the building rests on the soil (or rock), engineers have to study the properties of the soil very carefully to ensure that it can carry the loads imposed by the building. It is common for engineers to determine the safe bearing capacity of the soil after such study. As the name suggests, this is the amount of weight per unit area the soil can bear. For example, the safe bearing capacity(SBC) at a location could be 20 T/m2, or tones per square metre. This capacity also changes at different depths of soil. In general, the deeper one digs, the greater the SBC, unless there are pockets of weak soil in the earth. To properly support a building, the soil must be very firm and strong. It is co...
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